Evaluation de l’effet antioxydant des extraits de dattes (Phoenix dactylifera L.) -Etude in vivo-

Abstract

The date fruit represents a national heritage, by its taste and nutritional qualities, but not only that, because of its richness in active phytochemical compounds, it could be considered as a new therapeutic potential. For these reasons, this natural product has been the subject of our study, in order to evaluate its antioxidant activity in vivo. A qualitative analysis is carried out and confirmed by a quantitative study. The antioxidant activity was evaluated in vivo for aqueous extracts of pulp and date seeds at 150 and 300 mg / kg. The treatment was established for ten days followed by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of mercury chloride (HgCl2) at a single dose (1.5 mg / kg). Qualitative phytochemical analyses of aqueous extracts of pulp and date seeds revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, terpenoids and alkaloids with different intensities. As for the contents of total phenols, flavonoids, condensed and hydrolysable tannins, they were detected with higher concentrations in the aqueous extract of date seeds. The biochemical parameters studied showed significantly elevated TGO, urea and creatinine levels in the groups: negative control (T-), treated with the pulp extract at 150mg / kg (EPD1) and 300mg / kg (EPD2), treated with the seeds extract at 150 mg / kg (END1) and 300 mg / kg (END2) and treated with ascorbic acid (Vit C) at 50 mg / kg (STD) compared to the positive control (T +). However, these increases observed in the treated groups remain more moderate compared to the negative control (T-). The histological study demonstrated a remarkable hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effect in the groups treated with aqueous extracts of pulp at 300mg / kg (EPD2) and of seeds at 150mg / kg (END1) and 300mg / kg (END2). In conclusion, our study suggests that the extracts of date’s pulp and seeds possess an antioxidant effect which could probably be related to their content of phenolic compounds.