Suivi de l’état sanitaire d’élevage de poulet de chair nourri à base de féverole, de triticale et de bentonite

Abstract

This work is interested in the study of the effect of diets based on triticale and faba bean added to bentonite on the sanitary state of a broiler house. A total of 600 asexual day-old broiler chicks of the Cobb 500 strain from a commercial hatchery of the MOSTAVI unit located in Sidi Bel Abbes raised on the ground, divided into 11 batches, five batches receiving a specific diet based on triticale + raw faba bean (TTC), triticale + treated faba bean (TTT), raw faba bean (FCR), treated faba bean (FTR), triticale (TRT) respectively, the other five batches receiving the same diets but are added to 2% bentonite and a control lot representing the control diet type ONAB , To determine the efficiency of cleaning and disinfection, an environmental test was performed before and after the cleaning of the buildings, Each week, samples were taken from the animals, poultry equipment and personnel, as well as from the litter, in order to carry out microbiological analyses of human pathogens (FTAM, total coliforms, staphylococcus aureus and salmonella). Bacteriological analyses were also carried out on the water distributed to the animals in order to detect the presence of germs (FTAM, total coliforms, total streptococcus). Also, physicochemical analyses were carried out on broiler droppings to evaluate the effect of the diets on the structure of the droppings. The results obtained show that the water used for watering the chickens is healthy. Also the use of triticale and faba bean in the chickens' diet has clearly improved the sanitary and environmental condition, moreover the addition of bentonite in the diet seems to give the best results. Since the present experiment has validated the effectiveness of clays to improve the quality of droppings and litter, which are drier and less contaminating the environment of the farm, Finally, our study shows that the effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection during the poultry farming phase is necessary to protect against infections and improve the health of animals and staff.