Résumé:
The pharmacological potential of essential oils from plants, especiall clove(Syzygiumaromaticum L), has been studied many times, revealing the synergistic antibacterial effect of its two known species, eugenol and acetyl eugenol. In this context and taking into account the medicinal knowledge of the natives, we traced our objective which is to test separately the antibacterial potential towards (Pseudomonas areuginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli).of each pure and diluted species. In this perspective, we proceeded to the extraction by steam entrainment of the essential oil followed by a separation and purification of these two species by liquid-liquid extraction which showed a yield of 7% of eugenol, and 75% of acetyl eugenol. Their antibacterial activities (pure and diluted eugenol and acetyl eugenol) were estimated by inhibition on MH agar, and showed inhibition diameters ranging between 12 mm and 13 mm for all the target bacterial strains of our study. This reveals a very interesting antibacterial effect by bactericidal or inhibitory action.
Pure and or diluted eugenol and acetyl eugenol present excellent alternatives to synthetic antibiotics to fight bacterial infestations caused by E. coli and S. aureus, allowing us to face the problems of antibiotic resistance and dramatic side effects of excessive consumption of synthetic antibiotics.
