Résumé:
The Gut microbiota is a collection of diverse microorganisms that inhabit the
gastrointestinal tract. They play a major role in metabolic functions, immune modulation, and
inflammatory response. Multiple factors may affect the composition and diversity of the
microbiota, including diet, environmental factors and drug consumption. Recent research
indicates a close link between the gut microbiota and respiratory health, described as the
"gut-lung axis." This study looks at the gut microbiota makeup of children who have
respiratory conditions
As part of this study, 15 samples were taken, 11 from respiratory-diseased
children (Group A) and 4 from healthy neonates (Group B). Each sampling was followed by a
survey surrounding the patient’s state. Enumeration and identification of intestinal microbiota
was done by conventional methods and API systems. 16 identified strains were tested for their
Antibiotic resistance.
Results from the survey and the cultures were analyzed and displayed in
graphs. The results of Group A identification resulted in a high abundance of Gram + Cocci
with Enterococcus as the most prominent, and Gram - that related to nosocomial infections.
Group B identification resulted in a high abundance of Gram - Bacilli, with
Enterobacteriaceae as the most prominent. The strains tested for antibiotic susceptibility
revealed high resistance to Ampicillin (AMP) across all strains. While showing high
susceptibility to Imipenem, (IPM) Gentamicin (CN), and Nalidixic Acid (NA), especially
within the Enterobacteriaceae family. In addition to AMP resistance, other strains from
Enterobacteriaceae revealed resistance towards CN, Nitroxoline (NTX) and Cefazolin (CZ).
The results of these experiments made us conclude that there is a huge
difference between the gut microbiota of healthy children and the ones suffering from
respiratory pathologies, as they are both affected by different factors that contribute to the
formation of their gut microbiomes. These factors can contribute to either gut microbiota
homeostasis or dysbiosis.
