Effet antibactérien et insecticide de l'huile essentielle de Ruta chalepensis L.

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial and insecticidal activities of the essential oil extracted from the aerial parts of fresh and dried Ruta chalepensis L. Hydrodistillation extraction yielded a higher extraction rate for the dried plant (1.17%) compared to the fresh plant (0.73%). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and tannins. The tested essential oils showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and -hemolytic streptococci, with MIC values ranging from 2 to 4 μL/mL and MBC values of 4 μL/mL. The MBC/MIC ratios indicated a bactericidal activity. In contrast, no activity was observed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Moraxella catarrhalis. The insecticidal activity study also demonstrated a strong effectiveness of the essential oils against Dactylopius opuntiae, with mortality rates reaching 100% for the dried essential oil and the fresh essential oil after 24 hours of treatment.