Effets de la salinité sur les caractéristiques physico-chimiques d’un sol du périmètre du Bas Cheliff et surle comportement écophysiologique de la courgette (Cucurbitapepo)

Abstract

Soils salinization is one of the most important constraints that, according to the FAO, already reached in 2009 at least 400 million ha in the 1,5 billion hectares grown on Earth. This phenomenon is particularly present in arid and semi-arid areas. In the Bas Chéliff plain in north-west Algeria, the soils of the irrigated perimeter are strongly subject to the phenomenon of salinization. Indeed, irrigation with loaded waters results in an accumulation of salts in soil profiles and affects not only soil stability but also crop growth and yields. The present work is a contribution to the study of the effects of the soil salinity and sodicity of the Bas Cheliff plain located at the experimental station of El Hmadena on the ecophysiological behavior of a zucchini crop, like a biological indicator of the state of soil degradation. The approach adopted made it possible to observe with pertinence the adequacy between the characteristics of the substrate during the application of the salt stress on the culture and the reaction of the latter through its ecophysiological behavior.