Contribution à purification de la chitine à partir des coproduits de crevette rouge: caractérisation des produits et optimisation de procédé.

Abstract

Chitosan, derived from chitin, is found naturally in the wall of zygomycetes, the wall of some green algae and temporarily in the carapace of arthropods during moulting (Crini et al., 2009). Nevertheless, the main source of chitosan remains the chitin which is chemically treated by basic hydrolysis (deacetylaton). The latter has interesting properties which can be exploited in different fields. It is omnipresent in the industry in one form or another, such as chitosan in agriculture (to protect plants), in the cosmetic industry (stabilizer, cell regenerator, antibacterial agent) or the paper industry (mechanical properties) , Pharmaceutical, medical, water treatment. This work is part of the analysis and determination of the biochemical composition of red shrimp carapace Aristeus antennatus. The valorisation of crustacean co-products and mainly the study of the antifungal and antimicrobial power of chitosan extracted from shrimp shells. Its extraction was carried out by chemical treatment. Concerning the two powers, antifungal and antimicrobial. The results are expressed by the diameter of the zones of inhibition by AWDT diffusion method. Initially, among the results obtained in the AWDT test (mass bacterial culture), inhibition is the most important result observed with respect to the E. coli strain. The test of the evaluation of growth kinetics in contact with chitosan showed that this bacterium was more sensitive to chitosan. Finally, our results indicate that the chitosan studied exhibits good antifungal activities, These results offer interesting insights into the use of chitosan as a food biopreservative.