Evaluation de l’effet bioinsecticide et biostimulant des extraits des feuilles de Nerium oleander L. et Argania spinosa L. sur la germination et la croissance des jeunes plantules de tomate et de blé (irriguées par differentes types d' eau).

Abstract

In a perspective of seeking new ecological alternatives for crop protection, this work focused on evaluating the attenuation, biostimulant, and bio-insecticidal potential of hydromethanolic extracts from fresh leaves of two species: Argania spinosa and Nerium oleander. On one hand, the effect of these extracts was evaluated on the germination and growth of young wheat and tomato seedlings. On the other hand, the influence of different water types, extracts, and varying doses of these treatments was also studied. Meanwhile, their insecticidal activity was evaluated against aphid individuals (Aphis gossypii). The obtained results show that high doses of chemical agents induce total phytotoxicity, arresting germination. However, prior soaking of seeds in certain plant extracts effectively mitigated this toxicity and restored germination, achieving a germination rate of 33% and a seedling length of 1 cm. Furthermore, the treatments maintained a moisture rate of 70% and improved the overall yield by 20%. In parallel, the application of these same extracts revealed a promising insecticidal action against aphids, with a significant mortality rate reaching 100%.