Evaluation écologique des eaux marines côtières de Mostaganem par l’utilisation de la macrofaune benthique.

Abstract

The coastal ecosystems of Mostaganem are experiencing increasing environmental degradation due to human activity. This is due to increased urban expansion along the coast, which releases waste into coastal marine waters, disrupting the environment. Accordingly, large benthic animals have been used as bioindicators to assess and monitor the quality of the marine environment in order to address this environmental degradation. On this basis, this study made it possible to evaluate and identify the benthic macrofauna organisms of the rocky substrates of the marine coasts of the province of Mostaganem, by selecting three sites: Stidia, Kharouba and El Marsa. An assessment of the environmental quality of these different sites was carried out using biological indicators such as: Statistical data (richness, abundance, Shannon diversity indices (H’) and Belleau evenness index (J) were collected. We also adopted the environmental quality test for these studied sites, using the sea urchin larval development test, which is the most commonly used type for this type of analysis. The results of the analysis of the composition of benthic macrofauna, in addition to the larval development tests of the sea urchin P. lividus, showed that the Stidia site is more diverse and balanced, unlike the Kharouba and El Marsa sites, which show signs of environmental disturbance.