Effet du plomb sur la mobilité des éléments minéraux (Sodium, Potassium et Calcium) chez la fève (Vicia faba L.)

Abstract

The pollution by lead has become a real problem threatening our ecosystems, with detrimental effects on crop production and on biodiversity. This work came in the perspective to study the chemical behavior of Vicia faba L. In response to inputs of Pb in the growth field, this plant is used as a model in the eco-toxicological studies owing to its important biomass and its vegetative short cycle. In order to realize our work, we exposed the plant of the Bean (variety Sidi Aïch) at different doses of lead (0, 50,100, 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm) in the form of nitrates Pb(NO3)2, These doses have been applied on the substrate of culture before the transplanting of seeds. The study of the chemical behavior of this species is to analyze the content of mineral elements (sodium, potassium and calcium) in the different organs of the plant (stems, leaves and roots). The findings show a decrease of the sodium and potassium content.in roots stems and leaves of the Bean. As for the Calcium, there is a disturbance of its content. These results suggest that the presence of lead in the environment modifies the operation and the normal development of plants by internal disturbances on the biochemical plan.