Etude génétique et épidémiologique de la tuberculose

Abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by a mycobacterium of the tuberculosis complex mainly Mycobacterium tuberculosis or bacillus of Koch, the pulmonary attack is the most frequent of the localizations and represents the usual source of transmission. It still remains a public health problem in the world and in particular in Algeria, this disease due to several factors involved such as: social and behavioural factors, physiological and genetic factors and factors related to immunosuppression…etc. The study of genetic epidemiology is done thanks to the genome study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by different genotyping method the diagnosis of tuberculosis is based on the demonstration of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The demonstration can be direct, by microscopic examination and culture or indirect, by detecting the presence of mycobacterium DNA or RNA (amplification technique). the radiological examination and the clinical symptoms provide clues but do not constitute a formal proof of tuberculosis, our work is carried out at the levels of the hospital Chi Guevaralaboratory of the Wilaya of Mostaganem based on the direct microscopic examination by coloring of Ziehl-Neelsen and the descriptive retrospective study, focused on 146 positive cases recorded in the year 2019 per month and by gender